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D-Day for Marcello Convite the boss of the small company that wants tricolor Carmat conquer the world with its first total artificial heart biocompatible. This Tuesday, in fact, that the start-up takes its first steps on the Paris Stock Exchange, having packed the heart of investors. In difficult market conditions, the SME accompanied by Truffle Capital, its largest shareholder (30%) and EADS, has done better than expected, raising 14.5 million euros at a price of 18.50 euros per share enhancing from the outset the company 75 million. A great appreciation for its Director General who has taken brilliantly in the year, new to him, the financial road show.

This Italian 57 years, trained in computer technology and speaks five languages, has not missed any arguments to "sell" the young company and its innovative and promising.His prosthesis, implantable total artificial heart developed by Professor Carpentier of the Georges Pompidou Hospital, from 2013 should help save tens of thousands of cardiac patients. A challenge that fascinates Marcello Convite former IBM and Fiat, paid for thirty years in the life sciences. He held until last September to senior posts in the American International Edwards Lifesciences, who had just bought to Professor Carpentier's revolutionary concept of cardiac valves. For Dr. Philippe Pouletty, CEO of Truffle Capital, with the artificial heart (which will remain French …), Carmat has "all the ingredients to become a global technology company beautiful. "A great adventure of entrepreneurs, leading the veteran of the biotechnology industry has also brought public in April and companies Neovacs Deinove.

Carmat is, in fact, primarily a story of men.An R & D secrets first, initiated in EADS by Jean-Luc Lagardere and Professor Carpentier and developed for 15 years by a team of engineers led by former "Mr. International" of EADS, Jean-Claude Cadudal, president of Carmat.

Beside him, the engineer, former head of EADS big projects, and "very good teacher," Patrick Coulombier, also played a key role. It is today, with Marcello Convite DGA society. It was created in 2008 under the leadership of Philippe Pouletty because, after the release of préprototype, "he had to go to the next level." By convincing the engineers of the European giant switch in the start-up and live the adventure.

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Earlier this week to smooth the Asian stock markets. On Monday, all the financial centers of the region displayed a slight increase in the wake of Wall Street and European stock markets Friday. The latter ended the week up one week after chaotic.

In Japan, the Nikkei gained 0.20% to 9,604 points in mid-session after starting on a decline of 0.50%. The Topix is 0.23% at 863 points. The benchmark index of the Tokyo Stock Exchange has taken the time to digest the defeat on Sunday, the Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ), in power, the Senate elections. The failure of the movement of the Prime Minister Naoto Kan weakens the leader of the center-left and opens a new phase of political uncertainty for the archipelago. Investors fear at this stage a deadlock in parliament could hinder the policy of reducing public debt, estimated at 200% of gross GDP.After their defeat, the DPJ and its ally, a small nationalist party, retain only 110 seats, the majority being fixed at 122 seats. The coalition remains however a majority in the Chamber of Deputies but must negotiate alliances with opposition parties on an ad hoc basis to enforce its laws.

Yen flexes

Despite caution, this defeat has not overwhelmed the markets. "The results of this election are obviously not positive, but at this stage they are probably neutral rating, investors had already considered the possibility that the ruling party does not obtain a majority, explained before the opening Yutaka Miura, analyst at Mizuho Securities.

The news has at least led to a weakening of the yen has benefited from the index. "The Prime Minister Kan will have difficulty in passing laws.It is therefore logical that few foreign investors buy yen, "said Hideaki Inoue, head of foreign exchange market to the bank Mitsubishi UFJ.

In terms of macroeconomic indicators, the Bank of Japan reported on Monday a slight increase,% yoy in June wholesale prices on the domestic market. It is the second consecutive increase in this index, which had previously declined for nearly a year and a half without interruption.

The region in the green

In the wake of Tokyo, the other places in the region rise slowly. In China, Shanghai and Hong Kong respectively gaining 0.81% to 2490 points, and 0.67% at 20,516 points. The National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) announced this morning that housing prices had continued to increase but at a moderate pace in June, further evidence of the impact of government measures to prevent runaway industry.Prices listed in 70 cities rose 11.4% last month, against 12.4% in May

In Korea, the Kosdaq is 0.52%, while the S & P climbed 0.31% Australian and Indian Sensex appears up 0.89%.

Oil gains ground

Crude prices were moving upward Monday in electronic trading in Asia brought by a rebound in financial markets.

In morning trading, a barrel of light sweet crude for August delivery took six cents to 76.15 dollars a barrel, while Brent North Sea with identical maturity, gained 3 cents to 75.45 dollars .

"This is not because there is the economic crisis that the climate crisis is over!" While in Paris on Thursday to meet with parliamentarians and French employers, the European Commissioner for Climate, Connie Hedegaard, continues to carry the torch the fight against greenhouse gas emissions. Proof that it should not lower our guard, even though the cold winter in Europe was an illusion, the past twelve months have been, globally, the warmest ever recorded.

Asked about the carbon tax at the borders of the European Union (EU) dear to Nicolas Sarkozy, Denmark's answer, in accordance with the wishes of the French president, the European Commission has discussed this mechanism among the various instruments to reduce CO2 emissions in a communication dated May 26"But I prefer to leave it in the toolbox."

A trade war

As the British Government and several of his fellow commissioners, Connie Hedegaard think raising the price of imported goods like Chinese steel example, according to their carbon footprint is "extremely difficult to implement." Most importantly, "Is that such a measure would help the Chinese to be constructive?" Asks she, fearing a trade war if the environmental barrier was erected on the borders of the EU. One of the arguments of French supporters of a "border adjustment mechanism is that it may help to avoid relocation of jobs to countries where less stringent rules on carbon can produce cheaper.Better to engage in innovation and green growth to create jobs in Europe, contends Connie Hedegaard, as echoing the credo of the Obama Administration.

Former Danish Minister of Environment, which, as such, has chaired the conference in Copenhagen, believes that for the modest agreement in December 2009 ripped credible, rich countries should honor their commitment to pay this year 10 billion dollars promised to the most vulnerable. The finance ministers of Twenty-Seven detailed in May and pay their share of 2.4 billion. These additional funds, a majority of donations and a minority of loans will be paid directly by the Member States. To date, recipient countries have not seen the first euros of new funds.

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The U.S. stock markets started Wednesday's session in hesitation, but soon found the beautiful colors at the beginning of the meeting, brought by investors reassured by better earnings prospects in the banking sector. An enthusiasm that was accentuated throughout the meeting: at the close, the Dow Jones climbed 2.82% to 10,018 points (best performance since May 27), again surpassing the psychological barrier of 10,000 points for the first time since June 28, the S & P flies from 3.13% to 1060 points and the Nasdaq similarly 3.1% to 2159 points.

State Street Bank (9.9% to U.S. $ 36.64) outperformed all other banks, which also have very good performances, like Bank of New York Mellon (6.35%), Northern Trust Corp. (+ 6.92%), JP Morgan (4.95%), BoA (4.55 %)…

On the foreign exchange market, the euro remained stable against the dollar.It was trading at 1.2628 dollar. The day before, the euro had increased after the publication of an improvement less-than-expected activity in the services sector in the United States, highlighted by the index of purchasing managers published by IMS .

After the disappointment of Friday on the employment figures, investors should be particularly careful this week to weekly figures for unemployment benefits that are to be published Thursday.

At the dawn of interim results

On Wall Street as on most other major world places, operators should play the card of caution this week before the opening of the interim results season.

Today, the discount retailer Family Dollar Stores (-8.14% 36.23 dollar) has released disappointing interim results. This is the only company in the S & P 500 to publish its results this week.Within the Dow, the ball begins, as always, with results from Alcoa (3.23% to 10.54 dollars) July 12, next Monday.

Always on the side of values, Google (3.24% to 450.2 U.S. dollars) said Wednesday that it still awaiting a decision on renewing its operating license in China, needed to operate the largest Internet market in the world, said a spokesman for the American company and a Chinese official.

The government will reduce funding by more than half of the missions of the State, Ecology and Agriculture, and Labour and Employment from 2012, while the Justice and Research are spared the game, as the budget document released Tuesday.

According to the report submitted to the National Assembly, which specifies allocations for different missions, "except the Department of Justice and the Ministry of Higher Education and Research, all departments will be downsized on the years 2011-2013.

Research and Education, Justice up

The Mission Research and Higher Education remains the first priority of government, is it indicated. His credits will increase from 23.63 billion euros in 2010 to 23,830,000,000 in 2011, 24.04 billion in 2012 and 24.23 billion in 2013.In addition, the department "will be, exceptionally, no job cuts.

The Department of Justice will be the only "benefit from new jobs net (400 in 2011), mainly for the prison administration," the document said. The credits of the mission will spend 5.65 billion euros in 2010 to 5.80 in 2011, 5.96 in 2012 and 5.90 in 2013.

Labour and Employment, Agriculture, Ecology down

Side decreases, the mission and Career credits will rise slightly next year, from 11.25 to 11370000000 before "fall sharply" with "better jobs" expected, 9, 10 billion in 2013.

The Ministry of Agriculture will also see its funding decline from 4.46 billion euros in 2010 to 4,210,000,000 in 2013.In 2011, 650 jobs will be eliminated on this ministry.

The credits of the mission Ecology will also decline sharply in 2011, from 9.24 billion in 2010 to 8,820,000,000 in 2011.

The money for the ODA will, themselves, stabilized in value over the period.

As announced 16,500 job cuts are planned in 2011 in Education, under the rule of non-replacement of retiring staff of two.The credits of School will initially increase slightly, from 44.14 billion in 2010 to 44,450,000,000 in 2011, then fall to 44.05 billion in 2013 payday loan lenders.

In the three years, a rule enacted by President Nicolas Sarkozy will "not replace nearly 100,000 retirement, or 31,400 full time equivalent (FTE) and 2011, 32,800 FTEs in 2012 and 33,000 FTEs in 2013.

The downsizing effort is "higher than average" to ministries of Budget, Foreign Affairs, Agriculture, Defense, Ecology, Health and Sports.

"Operators of the state will also be involved in this process (…) with the exception of operators attached to the Ministry of Higher Education and Research," the document said.

The government amounted to "nearly 3 billion euros' savings" related to non-replacement of retiring in two "over three years. But 50% of these savings will be a "return to civil servants".

The burden of debt on the increase

The interest burden of government debt is expected to grow strongly in coming years, as spending on employee retirement, still shows the budget document.

The interest burden of debt, that is to say, the annual payment of maturities of the loans, should "increase in value by over 9% per year on average, five times more than inflation," says document.

It should increase from EUR 42.45 billion in 2010 to 55,190,000,000 in 2013.This increase is explained by "the rising stock of debt since 2009, due to the crisis which has seen deficits explode, and" the expected increase in interest rates. "

The pension expenditure officials should, too, to increase from 35.06 billion in 2010 to 39,580,000,000 in 2013, "despite the beneficial impact of pension reform," the statement said. "The retirement of civil servants are currently a" very high on the period, the government said, citing also "revaluations of pensions to inflation."

The government pledged to freeze "value" the expenditure, excluding debt and pensions between 2011 and 2013.

The CAC 40 may play yoyo Monday. After booting up from 0.43% to 3362 points, the key index in Paris fell back into the red within an hour after the start of the session: -0.19% at 3342 points

Elsewhere in Europe, even the Footsie in London returns to equilibrium (-0.05% to 4835 points) after starting the day up 0.45%. The German Dax, which climbed 0.34% at the opening, back up 0.08% at 5839 points.

The caution at the beginning of the week, as in Asia. On Friday, the CAC 40 finished on a small increase of 0.25% after a volatile trading. All investors anxiously awaiting the monthly figures for U.S. employment, which were more troubling than expected 125,000 jobs lost in June but 83,000 in private creations against 33,000 in May, and unemployment fell to 9.5%.The U.S. markets have fallen back slightly after the announcement, but their European counterparts have remained on the upside.

The CAC 40 lost 5%, however the last five days. Investors can not follow Wall Street Monday as the U.S. stock market is closed after the national holiday. On the side indicators in France, the PMI services will be published. For the euro zone composite PMI index, and the sales details will also be announced.

The banking supervision

Dexia (0.61% to 2.81 euros) received the assumptions of Stress tests requested by the European Union on the eve of the weekend and is currently being examined, according to chief executive of French bank Belgian-Pierre Mariani.

BNP Paribas (0.70% to 44.51 euros) has sold its subsidiary of consumer credit BNP Paribas Personal Finance Belgium funds Apax Partners SA and Altamir Amboise. The sale is part of the commitments made by BNP Paribas to the European Commission following the acquisition of Fortis in Belgium in 2009.

Zodiac Aerospace (+0.48% at 37.67 euros) has agreed to buy German Sell.It is the third acquisition transaction in two months for the group led by Olivier Zarrouati.

Carrefour (1.23% to 32.53 euros) will close unprofitable stores sixteen in Belgium at the end of the month as part of the restructuring of its assets in the country, while strengthening its partnership with Mestdagh. The group expects these closures savings of about 25 million euros per year.

Air France KLM (0.64% at 9.66 euros) will face a new competitor on the field connections to Africa. The Airline Oxygen Africa should get the green light for launch in the coming weeks.

France Telecom (0.28% to 14.24 euros) must submit to the press, about 11 o'clock this morning, its strategic plan for the next five years.He wants to have more than 300 million customers worldwide by 2015 against about 200 million today, "said Stéphane Richard, CEO of telecoms group, in an interview published in Le Parisien on Monday.

Total (0.01% to 36.19 euros) does not study the acquisition of BP, but would be willing to consider the acquisition of certain assets if they were on sale, said Friday the CEO Christophe de Margerie.

PSA Peugeot Citroen (0.84% to 21.05 euros) announced it acquired for an amount of 244,925,000 euros, part of the bond issued in 2001 and maturing in September 2011. The takeover was launched June 21, 2010 simultaneously launching the bond issue of 500 million euros due five years.

The trading hours of that Friday marks a break after it is true, trying for a week to investors. Since Monday, the market has lost more than 5%. Of course, markets will pay close attention to monthly statistics showing employment in the United States which will be unveiled before the opening of Wall Street. But they seem they are already included in the indices, because Wednesday the investigation uncovered ADP than-expected figures for private use.

Thursday came another statistical support with the recent claims of unemployment rose 13,000 to $ 472,000 in the figures as at June 26, while economists on average expected a decline to 452,000 over the figure of 457,000 originally announced. This does not suggest the best for this afternoon.

The CAC 40 displayed an increase of 0.75% within minutes of opening to 3364 points and advanced more moderately by 0.29% to 3349.73 points shortly after noon.

Note that the meeting in Paris will be exceptionally today around 41 values because of two new entities of Accor.

The trend has been better after the session on Wall Street to limit losses. At the close, the Dow Jones lost 0.42% to 9733 points, the Nasdaq was down 0.37% at 2101 points and the S & P 500 drops 0.32% to 1027 points. This has encouraged the European markets to dare a technical rebound this morning. This morning in Asia, also dominated the calm markets.

On the face values, we will therefore:

Bank stocks. The banks borrowed yesterday less cash than expected to the ECB, were reassuring.But, according to the Financial Times, a score of banks would be forced to raise capital after testing resistance. Societe Generale 33.585 to yield 0.84%, BNP Paribas 1.72% to 44.24%, Credit Agricole stabilizes.

Edenred (new name of Accor Services) made its market debut. The award technical reference of the title was set at 11.40 euros, a figure which is located in the lower range of 11-14 euro advanced Tuesday by the chairman of Accor at its general assembly and lower than its During Thursday on the gray market, which was around 12 euros depending on traders. In the first exchanges, the title earned more than 24% to 12.24 euros.

Accor is mishandled and lost 5.18% to 23.420 euros. According to Les Echos, the group is also about to give the caterer Rail Wagons-Lits to French Newrest.Moreover, according to the newspaper, the proposed IPO of Lucien Barriere, another subsidiary of Accor, will be presented to analysts on July 7.

GDF Suez (EUR 22.99 0.86%). Standard & Poor's said on Thursday lowered the outlook notes A/A1 group's "positive" to "stable", judging unlikely that the group achieves and maintains financial circumstances justifying an increase in his notes.

BNP Paribas and BPCE, the parent company of Natixis announced an alliance in consumer credit, which will require the development of a common platform operational from 1 January 2013. The BNP Paribas gained 2.09%. Natixis yield 0.41%.

Schneider (0.59% to 81.37 euros) said Thursday it was in talks with the city of Ashgabat, Turkmenistan, on the renovation of the city's power grid.The Tribune reported Friday that the group has secured this contract, the newspaper figure at 1.3 billion dollars (1 billion euros).

LVMH (+0.34% at 85.49 euros) is about to acquire a Brazilian company, the leader of the country of the online sales of perfumes and cosmetics.

Beneteau lowered from 17% to 15% of its target revenue growth for fiscal year 2009-2010 within the scope of delays in deliveries of vessels. The builder of sailboats and motorboats, however, confirmed its target of operating profit to 37.5 million for its fiscal year ending in late August. The title resists: he won 3.32% to 11.06 euros.

Is this a declaration of war? A sneak attack against a competitor already criticized from all sides? Rating agency Standard & Poor's announced mid-week she placed the note in its rival Moody's under review with negative implications. Translation: "S & P is considering lowering the rating of its counterpart.

Standard & Poor's predicted an earthquake in the scoring in the United States. She believes that the current reforms on the financial regulation in the United States threatens the business of Moody's. For example, "investors may sue the agencies in the event of fraudulent or reckless notation, notes S & P, which" increased legal costs of Moody's "dramatically," says S & P.

Moody's might also face a drop in sales, ahead its competitor.New laws in effect remove the references to footnotes in regulatory agencies and investors could then no longer need their services.

Black Series

The decision by Standard & Poor's added to the long series of bad news qu'essuient its competitor. In recent months, Moody's has seen some of its former analysts testify against her before the U.S. Senate. One of its main shareholder, billionaire Warren Buffett, has withdrawn in part. And the agency was roundly criticized by some investors for notes attributed too generous to Greece, Portugal or Spain. When she does not suffer from the wrath of authorities for the untimely degradation States Notes.

Logically, these arguments on the ratings business in general, thus also relates to Standard & Poor's."This decision serves as a warning signal for the whole sector," Norbert Gaillard analysis, an economist and specialist agencies. The agencies are so far very profitable, with operating margins (operating income compared to the number of cases) between 30 and 40%.

Concerns about the sector

The agency derives she shot in the foot by publicly expressing concern about the future of its industry? Yes and no. If she criticizes his rival, it is mainly because the turnover of the latter depends on more than 90% of rating business alone. This is not the case of S & P. "She has put in place, long ago, a diversified business model (financial, S & P 500), regulatory reforms under threat," said Norbert Gaillard.

Moody's will be difficult to replicate its rival news: it is not publicly traded, it is backed by a large group, McGraw Hill. And if attacked, S & P will always assert its good faith by recalling that it had downgraded the rating of its own parent a few years ago.