"It depends how you define the word" press "and" edit "," their replies in advance Laura Lang. The latter has extensive experience in communicating with users, readers of tweets, Facebook addicts and fans of digital tablets.A graduate of Wharton, a prestigious business school of the University of Pennsylvania, she serves on the board of directors of the agency Vivaki (Publicis Groupe) as well as advice clothing company VF Corp.. And Benchmark Electronics, industrial society and electronic engineering.

Designed for emerging the poor, this car should allow Renault to boost sales as its traditional markets crumble. On the Old Continent, the debt crisis now weighs on sales of the group.

Moreover, after falling more than 3% over the last two sessions, the euro started from the front, going above the $ 1.37 mark at 1 paydayloans.3735 dollars (0.53 %).

Thus, the CAC 40 futures contract maturing in November rose 1.7% to 3120 points."The hopes are placed in a sign of further easing to come, to ensure that the U.S. economic recovery do not bow," said Jonathan Sudaria operator for Capital Spreads.

France and Germany asking for explanations in Athens

On Wednesday evening, the markets will be attentive to the scheduled meeting between Nicolas Sarkozy, Angela Merkel, George Papandreou and the IMF. A meeting which follows the approval last night by the Greek government for the holding by the end of a referendum on the European Agreement last Thursday.

This scenario of a sudden release of nuclear energy in twelve months is not the political fiction. It is seriously considered by officials and experts. Asked about this possibility by Le Figaro last week during his visit to Paris, the new Japanese Minister of Economy, Yukio Edano, kicked into touch. And answered: "We have confirmed the safety of reactors stopped before restarting. I can not tell you when. "

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Currently, only ten of fifty-four reactors are in operation Payday Loan for Bad Credit.Given the economic downturn, electricity consumption is expected to decline 4% this year compared to 2010.

Gas purchases up

To compensate for the cessation of nuclear power plants, Japan has a large fleet of oil-fired power plants, coal and gas but several were damaged by the earthquake. The Japanese also built in recent years of LNG terminals to house liquefied natural gas (LNG) imports. Tokyo has spent the last months of gas contracts with Qatar and Indonesia and in July, its oil demand rose 4% year on year.And purchases of gas to run them at current price, would cost between 15 and 20 billion.

While managing the emergency, the government of new Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda has promised to set a new energy policy in the summer of 2012 to 2030.

According to experts gathered at the end of last week on the occasion of international meetings of PPP, 104 such contracts have been signed. The European Investment Bank has calculated that it accounted for 9 to 10 billion euros, or 6 or 7% of public procurement in the Hexagon. "We are the first European country in terms of PPP, said François Bergère, Head of MAPP (Mission Support PPP). In the first half, 60% of registered contracts on the Old Continent were signed in France. "

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Why the rise? Because this arrangement allows the state and local governments increasingly impecunious to build infrastructure by private funds. Specifically, the construction company built largely at the expense of the equipment. In return, she receives a very long time (decades) the rent paid by the public to maintain the structure.Today, we build on this model just about anything you can imagine: prisons, stadiums, swimming pools as well as police stations, TGV lines … and the formula adjusts as well to huge contracts ( more than 7 billion for high-speed rail line Tours-Bordeaux) than smaller deals (ten million for public lighting of a city average).

In the euphoria of the beginning, we mostly retained the advantages of this approach: greater compliance costs and delays faxless cash advance. "In the PPP, 71% of projects are delivered on time and 80% are made in the envelope provided or an additional cost of less than 3%," says Christian Rasoamanana, consultant for the consulting firm PWC has just loop a study on the subject."This allows us to carry out four projects simultaneously (the TGV line between Tours and Bordeaux, that between Le Mans and Rennes, Nîmes-Montpellier bypass GSM and rail), said Jean-Marc Delion, Managing Director of RFF. Without PPP, we would have done that. "

The failure of the hospital south-Ile

But today, this model also raises critical. Thus, the hospital built in south-Ile PPP Eiffage is a failure. The planned opening in May 2011 will take place as early as January 2012. "I believe that there was injury to the State, noted Sunday on Canal +, Xavier Bertrand, Minister of Health. Do we remain in the same terms of the contract? We'll see. "Regarding the TGV lines, some argue that the partnership is too favorable to the public."On Tours-Bordeaux, the dealership made up of Vinci and its partners brought the third of the investment but receive 100% of the revenue generated by the passage of trains," protested Marc Fressoz, author of FGV, failure at high speed.

Others point out that the formula has its limitations. "The PPP will not return TGV lines as Bordeaux-Toulouse without sufficient traffic," said Hervé Mariton, UMP deputy, member of the Finance Committee.

In question, the ability of banks to cope with the heavy debt burden of local Chinese. Last June, the National Audit Office made an unpublished report, evaluating the debts of local governments to 1200 billion euros. Debts incurred to 80% among Chinese banks. Nearly 25% of these loans come to an end at the end of the year, according to the official.Enough to make investors nervous at the beginning of autumn.

For the businessman Jim Chanos, who made his name in the financial world by predicting the collapse of Enron, the problem of Chinese banks is so large that it could completely cancel the growth of the empire environment. "If we assume that China will issue loans representing 30% to 40% of its gross domestic product (GDP) and half of that debt will be questionable, it represents 15% to 20%. Let's say half of them are covered. China may have to switch to a loss of these amounts and reduce growth of 9% to zero, "calculated the investor in an interview with Bloomberg TV last week.

Interest rates reaching 70%

A feeling that reflects at least the concerns of many investors, as evidenced by the poor performance of local banks in the markets.But analysts located in China do not share this pessimism. "I do not think there is a bubble. These are more questions about the future easy to get unsecured personal loans. Investors are concerned about asset quality of Chinese banks, "cautions Zhang Yi, an expert in the industry for Moody's in Beijing. "The government is responsible for the bank and will do everything to prevent a major problem," said one of his part in Shanghai-based analyst, who works for a large brokerage company in China. For now, the real problem of Chinese banks is the explosion of informal loans. Clearly, the restrictions imposed by Beijing on credit have greatly benefited the black market. "We have no idea of ​​the true extent of the phenomenon, no credible data was available. But banks remain exposed to the last borrower, "said Zhang Yi.For some of these funds lent at usurious rates comes directly from banks.

Last month, the Journal of the securities of China, close to the government, reported that the equivalent of nearly 50 billion euros had been removed on the first two weeks of September in the deposits of the four major state banks: Bank of China, ICBC (Industrial and Commercial Bank of China), China Construction Bank and Agricultural Bank of China. Most of these funds were reinvested, according to the newspaper, the black market in credit, where interest rates can reach up to 70%, while the alternative financial investments are scarce for individuals and businesses. The stock markets are down and banks remunerate savings at rates lower than inflation.

For now, the response of banks to secure their future look for the capital increase.ICBC has announced plans to raise $ 11 billion market over the next nine months. The question is whether investors are ready to go.

After a ceremony at the station in Tangier, Nicolas Sarkozy will hold talks with King Mohammed VI at the Palais Marshan, during a face-to-head followed by a working lunch. Then he will speak to the press at 17:15 Paris time.

One site to 3 billion

Four years after the announcement, the work can begin. This project should permit the entry into service in 2015 a train up to 320 km / h linking Tangier to Casablanca and reducing by more than half the travel time between the two cities, which will go from 4:45 to 2:10.

Its cost is estimated at 33 billion dirhams by the Moroccan government (3 billion euros) and will be partly financed by loans to prime French, Moroccan funds from Gulf countries and the Arab Fund for Economic Development and social. The European Investment Bank (EIB) was, she refused a competition of 400 million euros, which complicated the closure of the project.

Moroccan media while Germany suspected of having deposited its veto against the funding because of the choice of the Moroccan government to favor the French Alstom in its German competitor Siemens business card.The French group, which had previously exported its expertise in high-speed train in South Korea, Spain and Italy to Morocco will provide 14 trains of eight cars, for $ 400 million euros.

Economic projects

While the French government scans the remark, some commentators believe that the choice of Alstom was used to compensate the loss by France of a contract to supply fighter jets to the Moroccan Air Force, who had to prefer the F16 U.S. Rafale from Dassault Aviation.

This episode now seems forgotten. Nicolas Sarkozy, focused on investment opportunities represented by Morocco, has chosen to take with him two ministers, Eric Besson for Industry and Thierry Mariani for Transport and Secretary of State for Foreign Trade Pierre Lellouche.

The Hexagon is the first partner of the Sharifi kingdom, providing 15% of imports from a country with an average growth of 4.5% to 5% for ten years, accounting for 21.5% of its exports, and employing 100,000 Moroccans in its 750 subsidiaries. Other large projects include the creation time of a Renault factory "zero pollution" with Veolia Environment, which should become operational in early 2012 or Tanger-Med, a huge industrial center and port that participates in a Bouygues consortium.

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In an attempt to stop the stock market crash, the finance ministers and central bankers of the twenty leading economies gathered in Washington last Thursday pledged to provide "a strong and coordinated international response" to the crisis at a meeting in Washington. In a joint statement, they agreed to ensure that "banks have adequate capital" and promised to provide "the necessary liquidity" to financial institutions.But for specialists Aurel BGC, "the real decisions are referred to the Summit of Heads of State and Government to be held in Cannes, 3 and 4 November."

The Perfect Storm, the large emerging group of "Bric" were "determined to accelerate structural reforms to sustain strong growth." Brazil, Russia, India and China but also South Africa so consider "if necessary, to provide support through the IMF or other international financial institutions, to address the current challenges facing the global financial stability, according to the circumstances of each country. "The inventor of the BRIC, Jim O'Neill, chairman of Goldman Sachs Asset Management, said however that emerging markets are likely to require at least, in exchange for their support, greater clarity on how the Europe has to solve its crisis.

Gloomy outlook for world trade

In response to a request by the G20 in September addressed to Nicolas Sarkozy, the countries of the euro area have also promised to implement "necessary measures to increase the flexibility of the European Financial Stability Fund (EFSF)" to avoid contagion from the crisis in Greece. Yesterday, the possibility of a defect in Athens, though long ruled by EU leaders, was raised by Klaas Knot, Member of the Board of Governors of the European Central Bank (ECB)."This is one of the scenarios," he told the Dutch newspaper Het Financieele Dagblad.

The specter of a global recession has suddenly resurfaced after the ads pessimistic U.S. Federal Reserve (Fed), which held that the U.S. economic recovery was "slow" and threatened by "high risk". Wednesday she has decided to sell by the end of June 2012 for $ 400 billion of treasury bills and to purchase for the same amount with a longer maturity.But the fact that it favors measures to monetary easing, a depressed market on Thursday, who sees as a sign of impotence.

New signs of abating, the World Trade Organization (WTO) revised downwards its forecast for this Friday trade growth for 2011, expecting growth of world trade by 5.8% against 6.5% forecast so far, according to its website.

On the foreign exchange market, the euro climbed slightly against the U.S. dollar: it rose on Friday by 0.57% to 1.3533 dollar. Oil prices also went up.A barrel of "light sweet crude" for delivery in November, which had tumbled more than $ 5 the day before returning 1% by mid-morning at 81.31 dollars.

The side of values, after the close of the NYSE YorkHewlett-Packard announced the replacement of Leo Apotheker as CEO from Meg Whitman, confirming the many rumors that had circulated in recent days.

At Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) is Rick Bergman Devices, responsible for products, who announced his resignation. The CEO will temporarily Rory Read office.

Covidien raised its quarterly dividend 12.5% ​​to 0.225 dollar per share.And, for its part McDonald's has increased its 15% to $ 0.7 per share.

In order to treat its shareholders well, Raytheon has authorized a stock repurchase plan of $ 2 billion.

The American manufacturer of sporting Nike has exceeded market expectations by posting yesterday after the close of U.S. markets net income for the first quarter of fiscal year up 15% to $ 645 million, driven by its Sales in North America and in emerging countries. Revenues rose 11% to $ 6.1 billion.Orders scheduled for delivery between September 2011 and January 2012 were up 16% to $ 8.5 billion.

On the occasion of a major overhaul of its website, Facebooks'est services associated with music, news and video, including Spotify, Deezer and Dailymotion, and challenge from Apple in the content.

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The declaration on Sunday night on TF1, former IMF Managing Director Dominique Strauss-Kahn, for whom "we must accept to recognize that we must take his loss" of Greece was the effect of bomb."Hearing that DSK four months ago the IMF also urged new funding for Greece say the exact opposite now shows how events have turned," says Bruno Cavalier, chief economist at Oddo Securities. For the latter, there is a "real tired of the financial markets who want to wipe the slate clean once and for all to get back on firmer footing."

A feeling evident in a survey by Barclays Capital from major global investors. They are 24% think that the current crisis will lead to a breakup of the euro area. Over 60% of them believe that the European Financial Stability Fund (EFSF) will be insufficient to resolve the debt crisis.Although little scientific significance, such polls show the amount of work to be done now to reassure the magnitude of the crisis.

Bercy wants to reassure

France, Monday it is used by the voice of its Minister of Economy Baroin for which a default of Greece "is not a working hypothesis." At Bercy we stick to the same line of defense when all European countries have adopted the plan of July 21, that is to say by mid-October, the bleeding will be stopped.Reasoning that is opposed to that of economists who say a failure Greek is becoming increasingly economically rational, "If they want to avoid a failure of control, the Troika and the European Union in particular have an incentive to relieve pressure on the objectives short-term budget of Athens by insisting on the implementation of structural reforms to boost potential growth in Greece, "say economists at Morgan Stanley.

Rather than a sudden failure, we must consider a debt restructuring in the short term, implying a lower repayment installments provided for in the coming months to ease the Greek public finances.The major risk of such a scenario is a contagion to other peripheral countries "can be avoided if the ECB goes on the front lines and discourage speculation against the Italian debt by buying heavily," said Bruno Cavalier.

Creditors on deck

In this climate of growing skepticism, Greece somehow continues the implementation of the agreement of July 21, which passes through the participation of private creditors. Artisans of the device designed to reshape 192 billion euros of Greek claims STRIPS to complete the offer in October. "This operation can not be done in a snap. It is very complex technically and supports many constraints, "insists Fabrice Faure-Dauphin, a partner with law firm Allen & Overy, the Board of the operation.And insist: "If Greece were to miss a deadline, it does not fundamentally change the rules and would not offer more solutions to the problem."

The only good news, the first signals of the voluntary contribution of banks and other insurers are quite positive. While Greece requires a 90% interest in the exchange, some suggested a rate of 75% or 80%, almost unexpected. At these levels, the operation would have every opportunity to move forward. "A contribution of 85% instead of 90% needs to find an additional 8.5 billion euros," analysts calculate Barclays Capital.If Athens was a survey of creditors, the real success of the operation will not be known until after the formal offer proposal issued by the Greek government.

Athens without a loan repayment expected before December, this still leaves him time for both to continue its negotiations with the Troika and to carry out – or not – this massive debt restructuring for its crucial public finances. Meanwhile, the markets do not.

"Nothing is confirmed yet," says one, however. "It will also depend on market developments in the day," says an adviser. Monday night, the Elysee was between a very firm denial to rumors that a scenario out of Greece to the euro would be discussed at the Elysee. We emphasized above all the character "drama" of this to the Greeks themselves, but also for the euro area.

"To ensure compliance with the commitments of the July 21"

"This is not a desirable solution, we do nothing to make it desirable," confided a senior official Monday night Elysian following folder every minute electronic check payday advance."We try to be consistent: we are about to present to Parliament the rescue plan that was decided on 21 July in Brussels. We do not prepare in the wings is another scenario that would offer the exact opposite, "he continues.

The state still remains fragile in which finances are Greek, "We try to convince them to do everything to achieve compliance with the commitments of July 21," says this source. Tuesday evening, the Head of State may wish to print this message in a clear and solemn.