The comments made yesterday by the new Italian government attempted to reassure people, but realistic. On the occasion of a brief statement to the press, the former European Commissioner said that Italy could "win" the debt crisis through a "collective effort" payday loans no teletrack.Mario Monti also found that Italy, a founding member of the European Union, would be "an element of strength, not weakness." Thus, he said, the objective of the new government will "clean up the financial position and resume the path of growth in a context of increased attention to social justice." Meanwhile, the Italian Senate passed this weekend the anti-crisis plan promised the European Union.

Mario Monti had to race to form a new government as soon as possible, within ten days. From last night, the new head of state has initiated consultations to obtain a broad political consensus.

However, the CSA noted that the period from 1 July to 30 September, the news channel did not respect this balance on newspapers for information."ITV has given the opposition parliamentary speaking time 146% higher than that of the majority, BFMTV gave 142% and 130% LCI! Unheard of at this level "protests Christine Kelly, a member of the CSA in charge of the case. "The time allowed to PS was significantly exceeded" acknowledges CEO Guillaume Dubois BFMTV. "We have given priority to the information. Now the case has raised the antenna DSK in July and August, the Senate elections and primaries PS mobilized in September. We invited representatives of the majority but they decided to be discreet "defends Guillaume Dubois. "It's not the fault of having warned replies Christine Kelly. I have met for the first time in July and I have warned against a possible slip of the Senate and the primary "

Tomorrow morning, the CSA will meet in plenary session.Constable Audiovisual could decide on a formal channels of information. "It's a yellow card. But if they start, then the CSA will release a red card and take sanctions "warns Christine Kelly, a member of the CSA.

However, the CSA notes that most other television and radio all have fully complied with the instructions. On the side of France Televisions, which also broadcast the primaries in two news magazines, the balance was followed. Information for newspapers, counters ended September 30 show that the parliamentary opposition bloc has 51% of speaking time points Thierry Thuillier, the Director of Information of France Televisions.The new review period from 1 October to 31 December, France Televisions ensure balance time for the presidential majority, including calling Francois Fillon to 20 hours of JT France 2 tonight.

For news magazines, France Televisions has until Dec. 31 to offset the 4:45 discussion devoted to the primaries. Already Alain Juppe had been invited for two hours in the program "The words and actions" on September 30. Tonight, the program "Crossword" lasting 80 minutes will receive a majority of three personalities: Lionel Luca, Chantal Jouanno and Herve Morin. Finally, France Television is negotiating for an intervention of Nicolas Sarkozy on October 24.In this case, if the head of state talking about the crisis of the euro or Greek debt, his time is not counted, however if he talks about domestic policy, then the speaking time will be taken into account.

According to experts gathered at the end of last week on the occasion of international meetings of PPP, 104 such contracts have been signed. The European Investment Bank has calculated that it accounted for 9 to 10 billion euros, or 6 or 7% of public procurement in the Hexagon. "We are the first European country in terms of PPP, said François Bergère, Head of MAPP (Mission Support PPP). In the first half, 60% of registered contracts on the Old Continent were signed in France. "

Click on the thumbnail to enlarge the graphic.

Why the rise? Because this arrangement allows the state and local governments increasingly impecunious to build infrastructure by private funds. Specifically, the construction company built largely at the expense of the equipment. In return, she receives a very long time (decades) the rent paid by the public to maintain the structure.Today, we build on this model just about anything you can imagine: prisons, stadiums, swimming pools as well as police stations, TGV lines … and the formula adjusts as well to huge contracts ( more than 7 billion for high-speed rail line Tours-Bordeaux) than smaller deals (ten million for public lighting of a city average).

In the euphoria of the beginning, we mostly retained the advantages of this approach: greater compliance costs and delays faxless cash advance. "In the PPP, 71% of projects are delivered on time and 80% are made in the envelope provided or an additional cost of less than 3%," says Christian Rasoamanana, consultant for the consulting firm PWC has just loop a study on the subject."This allows us to carry out four projects simultaneously (the TGV line between Tours and Bordeaux, that between Le Mans and Rennes, Nîmes-Montpellier bypass GSM and rail), said Jean-Marc Delion, Managing Director of RFF. Without PPP, we would have done that. "

The failure of the hospital south-Ile

But today, this model also raises critical. Thus, the hospital built in south-Ile PPP Eiffage is a failure. The planned opening in May 2011 will take place as early as January 2012. "I believe that there was injury to the State, noted Sunday on Canal +, Xavier Bertrand, Minister of Health. Do we remain in the same terms of the contract? We'll see. "Regarding the TGV lines, some argue that the partnership is too favorable to the public."On Tours-Bordeaux, the dealership made up of Vinci and its partners brought the third of the investment but receive 100% of the revenue generated by the passage of trains," protested Marc Fressoz, author of FGV, failure at high speed.

Others point out that the formula has its limitations. "The PPP will not return TGV lines as Bordeaux-Toulouse without sufficient traffic," said Hervé Mariton, UMP deputy, member of the Finance Committee.

This counter communicator, which allows to know its power consumption in real time and thus better control, will be installed progressively from late 2013-early 2014. A five-year period is planned to equip 35 million consumers, knowing that the European directive assigns a target that 80% of users are in possession of this tool in 2020. "This counter is a future asset for the modernization of the electricity distribution network.It will particularly help to end the current system of estimated bills, sources of discussions, said one industry player. In addition, the meter installation will require the creation of over 10,000 jobs. "

Throughout the past few weeks, a severe battle was between ERDF – a subsidiary of EDF in charge of distribution – and local authorities about the property counters Linky. Upon arrival, the government has not decided to change the current law, which states that the networks, which include counters, belong to communities. In support of its reflection, the government relied on the report of "Committee Linky" on the generalization of communicating electricity meters in France.The report, led by parliamentarians Ladislas Poniatowski and Jean-Claude Lenoir, was sent Sept. 21 to Eric Besson.

According to the overall pattern was retained, ERDF will be responsible for ordering and installation of new meters. These will be installed free of charge, the government decided that not considering either a tax increase for network use, one of the elements of the bill paid by customers.

A cost of 4.3 billion euros

In charge ERDF therefore, which plans to spend 4.3 billion euros to the generalization of the program Linky, to compensate the investment by the productivity gains achieved through this tool. For example, the new meter will perform many interventions that will distance the presence of agents of ERDF to the customer will no longer be necessary."But whatever the gains, a system of passing on costs is possible sooner or later," suggests an industry expert.

As for local, they indicated that the expected effectiveness of the new meter is fully proven. In other words it is shown that consumers can realize significant energy savings. Widespread Linky is a crucial element of energy efficiency policy of the government at a time when energy prices rise.

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Last year, Algorithmics has suffered an operating loss of 7.6 million euros, "taking into account the amortization of intellectual properties," the company said. By signing a check for nearly $ 400 million, despite these losses, IBM is therefore a bet on its ability to develop the specialist risk management and internal synergies to play.It should indeed bring his division Algorithmics "Business Analytics". Fimalac side, holding the heritage of Marc Ladreit Lacharrière, the financial opportunity had to appear all the more obvious synergies between Fitch and Algorithmics were limited.

Shareholder Barrier

Fimalac lighter weight of an asset of the system: during the last financial year, 2009-2010, Algorithmics and 121 million in revenue represented 20% of consolidated turnover of the holding company paydayloans. This assignment also confirms the willingness to diversify Marc Ladreit de Lacharriere. Until two years ago, Fimalac was mainly focused on financial services. In 2006 and 2009, the holding company sold tranches of the capital of Fitch Group to Hearst the U.S..The U.S. now holds 40% of the rating agency, and the balance Fimalac.

While observers expected the cash thus generated is reinvested in the financial sector, Fimalac was first formed a real estate division through the purchase of an office building in Paris and the construction of a headquarters in Canary Wharf The London financial district. Last year, the group then created a stir by inviting himself to the Lucien Barrière Hotels and Casinos. For 186 million euros, it has taken over part of the participation of the Accor group. Once the financial transaction loop – in the first quarter – the Desseigne-Barrière family and Fimalac hold respectively 60% and 40% stake in Barriere.

Marc Ladreit de Lacharriere finally multiplies the offensive on the cultural front.Within months, he entered the capital Coullier Gilbert, producer of Johnny Halliday and Michel Sardou, the tour manager Auguri Vega and society, which operates nineteen concert halls.

The operation allows the specialist to Internet telephony to build a niche in the amount of online communication: messages grouped. With services such as GroupM, users can create discussion groups on their mobile phone and communicate with others, forming "chatrooms" private SMS.In recent months, major Internet players have been enamored of such services, which range from communication, and coordination, like Facebook, which bought the Beluga service in March 2011, eight months after its creation. In addition, the social network launched mid-August, Facebook Messenger, a mobile instant messaging application.

For its part, Google has made this communication bundle a cornerstone of its community platform + Google launched in late June, with the "hangouts" spaces bundled instant messaging and video. Finally, as recently shown by the London riots, the BlackBerry is an actor to be reckoned with in this area, through its private courier BBM (BlackBerry Messenger). Now owns GroupM, Skype will better stand up to these types of communications.

175 million monthly users of Skype

"Skype and GroupM have a common vision.GroupM's team has created a messaging experience incredibly attractive bundle that runs across the terminals and mobile platforms, making it a perfect complement in voice, video and text of the Skype family, "said Tony Bates, general manager of Skype, in a statement.

For Jared Hecht, co-founder Steve Martocci GroupM, "there is a natural affinity between Skype and GroupM.""Our goal is to continue to develop tools that allow people to easily communicate, share and keep in touch with their close relations and important," he said, arguing that integration with Skype would allow the start-up achieve its vision of "ten times faster."

The start-up is already looking forward to see the service offered to 175 million monthly users of Skype.

The acquisition of Skype by GroupM, which is the subject of discussion for several months, could also be beneficial to Microsoft. It announced the acquisition of Skype for $ 8.5 billion in May.While sentencing the operating system (OS) Windows Mobile Phone 7, the software giant could find with GroupM a valuable feature to include in its bid for smartphones.

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But market professionals united in the Association ISDA, the only decision maker of unlockable any insurance policies on debt Greek felt this morning that Greece is not in default. Faced with this decision, the advice of Fitch, who considers that Greece is "défauit restricted" does not undermine investor optimism.

These extraordinary measures were immediately relieved markets, notably in Paris or the Paris index had won more than 9% since the beginning of July.The agreement on debt relief, Greek, amounting to 350 billion euros at present, is still today applauded by investors, as well as the involvement of private banks in the device, even if the modalities of this participation to be defined.

On other European markets, the relief is essential. In London, the FTSE-100 was up 1.10% to 5964.57 points while in Frankfurt the DAX index itself to a more timid step forward from 0.64% in 7336 , 51 points.

Japanese support

The announcement Friday by Yoshihiko Noda of possible support from Japan also supports the upward trend this morning. The Japanese Finance Minister has in fact said on Friday that his country was ready to buy more bonds from the European Financial Stability (EFSF) if necessary.Japan has invested some 2.5 billion euros in the first three issues launched by the Fund since January 2011, to help Ireland and Portugal. The minister said Japan is ready to continue "at the same rate, if it can help stabilize the economies of the European Union."

The euro rises

This global expansion of the Greek fire, which had once benefited the euro yesterday, has not had any lasting effect on the foreign exchange market. At mid session on European markets, the euro was worth 1.4412 dollars, against 1.4417 dollars on Thursday night. In the wake of the announcement of the plan, the euro reached a peak Thursday at 1.4443 dollar. In terms of oil, oil prices start rising, supported by a European, but also by the announcement of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IEA), which has no plans to release a reserve again strategic.In morning trading, a barrel of "light sweet crude" took 28 cents to 99.41 dollars, after crossing at the meeting yesterday the 100 dollars. That of Brent North Sea took 23 cents to 117.74 dollars.

Macroeconomic side, some important indicators are expected on Friday. Orders to industry have increased more than expected, however, in May in the euro area, show the figures by Eurostat Friday. New orders rose 3.6% from one month to another in the 17 countries using the euro and 15.5% year on year. This morning, INSEE reported a sharp deterioration in the morale of French industry in July, the index fell from 110 to 105 a month.This announcement has not scared investors, the index remains above its long-term average (100 points), in which it had sunk in 2008 with the crisis do not exceed once again that the end of 2010 . Across the Atlantic, no major indicator is expected.

Bank stocks carry the greatest bull market

In the forefront of best performance, the banking sector is surrounded by this Friday, the day after the adoption of the European plan for Greece. Crédit Agricole (3.42% to 9.62 euros), Société Générale (2.24% to 39.08 euros) and BNP Paribas (2.43% to 50.11 euros) in net rise. Axa (1.56% to 14.64 euros) and Natixis (1.60% to 3.41 euros) are also well oriented.40 CAC Hors, Dexia wins 4.71%, to 2.15 euros.

The rating agency Standard and Poor's raised the rating a notch French TV group TF1 (0.99% to 12.80 euros), to BBB +, saying that despite the increase in sales shy , cost savings were being lead to greater profitability.

Accor (3.71% to 31.76 euros). The hotel group confirmed to be entered into exclusive negotiations with the catering giant Sodexo to give him the caterer Lenôtre. An enterprise value of € 75 million was used for the project.

Lafarge (2.11% to 40.58 euros). The French cement plaster will sell its operations in Australia in the group of German Knauf construction materials for 120 million euros. The operation, which will reduce its debt, expected to close before the end of the third quarter of 2011.

Sequana (-1.62% to 9.60 euros).The group announced half-year net income almost sixfold, to 35 million euros, against 6 million a year ago, and a turnover of 2 billion euros (+1.3% yoy pro forma), supported by higher selling prices last year. However, management has lowered its target EBITDA of "higher" to "close" to that of 2010.

Eurotunnel has published its interim results

Groupe Eurotunnel (-0.42% to 7.60 euros). The group has published interim accounts showing a net profit of 2 million euros over the first six months of the year against a loss a year earlier. Turnover increased 22% to 396 million euros. Management expects for 2011 an increase in EBITDA.

Air France-KLM (2.84% to 9.92 euros).The order of a hundred long-haul being prepared by the Franco-Dutch company will be shared equally between Airbus (EADS) and Boeing, La Tribune reported Friday. According to the newspaper, the board of directors of the Franco-Dutch company will review the draft July 27, before an announcement expected in September.

Schneider Electric (2.22% to 108.30 euros) announced a partnership with NVC Lighting, a small Chinese company which will take 9.2% of the capital, to strengthen in the Chinese cities of small size. Specialist solutions energy management also announced two acquisitions: that of certain assets in China Chongqing Enlin Electric, and of the Brazilian Steck, specializing in low voltage products.

France Telecom (1.40% to 14.47 euros).Orange has signed Thursday with Free (Iliad: + 1.46%, to 91.45 euros) an agreement to co-finance the fiber-optic networks to the Internet at very high speed, in about sixty cities located in sparsely populated areas and announced in active discussions with other operators.

Pierre & Vacances (stable at 58 euros). The group announced that its summer bookings for the quarter were ahead of last year on all its destinations, including the sea in France.

Bongrain said pressure on margins

Bongrain (1.29%, to 65 euros). The food group has reported an increase of 13.2% of its turnover in the first half, but warned that the sharp rise of raw materials created tensions on consumption and margins.

Somfy (-0.01 to 207.98 euros).The roller shutters specialist reported Thursday a turnover up 13.9% to 501.2 million in the first half, up 8.7% on a comparable basis. The strong demand in Germany and France ontéclipsé Asia the impact of the disaster in Japan, Europe and North and South that of British and Greek economic difficulties.

Vivalis (4.50% to 7.89 euros). The biopharmaceutical company, announced in the first half, a product of the ordinary activities of € 4.7 million, up 165%, and consolidated cash of 36.0 million at June 30, 2011.

Admittedly, the stakes are also unpublished. The Wall Street as investors Journalrapporte particularly experienced such a number of asset management, BlackRock, the insurer MetLife or the Federal Reserve (Fed) of New York complain about the conditions of sale of so-called "subprime," these products complex financial risk that formed the heart of the Great Depression of 2008.Symbol of a finance gone mad, these "subprime" were associated with variable rate mortgages granted to families with poor credit. Their value plummeted after the collapse of the U.S. housing bubble, which caused a series of foreclosures and debt of thousands of homes.

These individuals will not receive the compensation that Bank of America has agreed to pay. Indeed, they are used only for investors who are customers of Countrywide Financial, now a subsidiary of Bank of America in January 2008. The specialist mortgage lending in the United States had sold to investors of financial products like subprime for an initial value of $ 105 billion accompanied by guarantees on the composition of their portfolios.But soon after, with the bursting of the housing bubble in the U.S., these investments have proved extremely risky, losing most of their value. Investors who bought these financial products from Countrywide Financial believe to have been cheated, since the original contractual terms have not been met.

The case could set a precedent

Bank of America for months trying to resolve this embarrassing litigation, inherited directly from the acquisition of Countrywide Financial. But until now the CEO of Bank of America, serving for a year and a half, has refused to pay for past investments, arguing that investors had acted knowingly.By agreeing now to pay the full price, so it gives a signal again, and strong.

This case may give ideas to other investors who lost big in the collapse of the "subprime". Thus, other banks like Wells Fargo or JPMorgan could also be directly affected by requests for compensation.

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"It was difficult indeed to hope that consumption could continue to climb even though inflation is now growing faster than household incomes. In other words, the purchasing power probably will fit down in the second quarter, "said Alexander Law, chief economist at the firm Xerfi.

The decline in consumption is largely explained by the sharp decline in automobile purchases, who drop by 10.2% over the month, after falling 2.1% in March.No doubt for INSEE, this is the "repercussions of the abolition of the scrapping on 1 January 2011". Statistics from the automotive industry in April, released in early May, already left us to expect a jolt, recording a drop of 11.2% of sales in France.

Moreover, the French fell 0.5% spending on equipment housing in April. This figure follows a 17% drop in sales of new homes in the first quarter. Households also spent less in clothing stores (-0.5% on the month).

Energy costs are on the other hand fell 3.2% in April. "The decline is mainly due to climatic conditions rather soft in April, compared to seasonal norms, which have restricted the use of heating fuels," INSEE analysis.An effect that would have cleared the explosion of the fuel budget of households fund soaring pump prices.

In the French Penal Code, the definition of harassment has been expanded to "any order, threat or coercion in order to obtain favors of a sexual nature." Civil law and criminal law French, however, saw a case of harassment differently. Before the Labour Court, just as the employee establishes the reality of harassment to the accused is compelled to defend his behavior.But at a hearing before the criminal court is the accuser who must provide evidence of guilt. This is where the difficulty lies in proving a case of harassment in France. In most cases the harassment does not leave visible traces, and it is difficult for victims to prove the guilt of the perpetrator.

The legal provisions on sexual harassment in France and the United States also has a very large difference in the amount of damages. "The French courts are less generous than their U.S. counterparts," says Peter Jung, a lawyer with Cohen Amir-Aslani Ngo & Associates. "The American concept of punitive damages to punish a fault, does not exist in France where the damages are only intended to repair an injury suffered by a victim.Legal action in France is not a gamble, as it may be in the Anglo-Saxon. "

A question of manners

Why sexual harassment cases when they have an echo as important to U.S.? Martine Bouccara, lawyer with Cohen Amir-Aslani Ngo & Associates, is a matter of criminal policy, more or less on certain crimes and misdemeanors. "In terms of gravity, the prosecuting authority (the prosecutor) does not act the same way on different elements of public policy. That is his right because he was also elected on a platform. United States, it is the sexual offenses that hold the attention of prosecutors, because the fact of Puritanism, there is an exacerbation of sensitivity around this issue. "

For sociologists, this exacerbation have been linked to the American concept of privacy (privacy), which is much larger in the U.S. compared to France.It includes not only everything about a person but also what that person is able to control. "Tell me who you are in private life, and I'll tell you who you are in public life," summarizes Virginia Martin, a sociologist and research professor at Euromed Management. Thus, when a boss is convicted of harassment by the U.S. justice system, the message perceived by society is that it is unable to control a large company because it has no self control itself. "An American will feel more easily knocked in his privacy than French. And when his "protection zone" can be more easily reached, the scope of prevention is broader, "the lawyer Martine Bouccara analysis.

But according to Eric Albert, president of the firm IFAS, this trend is often taken to extremes."Even jokes on the topic of sex are sometimes criticized. Some people complaining of sexual harassment have no idea what it is. However, it is a very serious act that has great psychological impact on victims. "

The lawyer Peter Jung finds in recent years the "legalization" of French society in terms of sexual harassment. "In the U.S., relations between people in the world of work are fairly complicated and even codified. The rules of behavior that society demands can affect the spontaneity of relationships. But it is undoubtedly the price to pay to eliminate discriminatory behavior. In France, there is a growing number of lawsuits to try to punish inappropriate behavior. Our country takes its cue from the U.S. in this regard, but it remains very far from him look like.A remark or sexist behavior is unfortunately often perceived as a sign of virility. "

The revolution of mentalities in France is not about to happen, say the lawyers. But in our society, the facts of harassment have long been denied and suppressed by the companies. That is why today we are witnessing a rather violent denunciation of these facts.

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