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A new week high voltage for Greece and the euro area. In fact, Sunday, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) said that a delegation will travel to Athens this week to determine whether or not the country can benefit from the sixth round of eight billion euros of the loan in May 2010 , aid became vital for the country. The CEO of the institution, Christine Lagarde, has indeed met the Greek Finance Minister Evangelos Venizelos on Sunday to discuss the conditions for the return of the IMF in the country to complete the fifth audit of the Greek economic program. The mission "will certainly place this week," said Fund.

In parallel, Evangelos Venizelos, the Greek finance minister, yesterday met with Jean-Claude Trichet, head of the ECB, to negotiate a restructuring of the Greek debt at a discount of between 40% and 50%.The minister said that "there is no alternative to restructuring." The latter has also expressed confidence the outcome of the vote in parliament of the new austerity plan, condition of the granting of new loans of the troika, because according to him "which member will take responsibility to lead Greece to failure to pay? ". A view shared by the French Minister for European Affairs, Jean Leonetti, who said Sunday that "Greece will avoid bankruptcy because it is the interest of the Greek state, the Greek people and is the interest of us all.If Greece were to fail tomorrow, it would cost more than if it did not go bankrupt, "he said on Radio France International.

The rising social discontent in Greece

The Heads of State and Government in July found an agreement to rescue Greece and broaden the scope of intervention of the relief fund of the zone (EFSF), including providing it with an instrument enabling it to market purchases of debt of states in difficulty. This agreement is being ratified by 17 national parliaments in the area. The vote of Germany, the country is the biggest contributor to EU aid plans appear on track.In a television interview Sunday night, German Chancellor Angela Merkel has indeed shown the outcome of the confidence vote scheduled Thursday in the Bundestag.

But Greece will probably have to wait beyond the holding of a Eurogroup meeting on Oct. 3 before a decision on the release of the next tranche of aid. "Given the delay by the Troika mission (IMF, ECB and European Commission), I do not think that the next meeting of the Eurogroup, October 3, a decision on the sixth installment," said Sunday Washington Deputy German Finance Minister, Jörg Asmussen

In addition, the rising social discontent in Greece.Further strikes are planned next week before a general strike on October 19.

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The U.S. stock markets still grind of black Monday. In early trade, the Dow Jones lost 1.08% at 10,879 points, the Nasdaq 0.68% to loose 2451 points and the S & P lost 0.95% to 1143 points.

Investors in Europe, in Asia and the United States fear that Greece is not able to meet these budget commitments, which threaten to bankrupt the country and aggravate the crisis in Europe. The German Minister of Economy Philipp Rösler has also not ruled out a bankruptcy ordered Greece to save the euro.

These uncertainties weigh heavily on European banking stocks, weighed down by their exposure to sovereign debt but also by fears about their solvency and funding.Specialists in Harbor Advisory today "Wall Street will evolve with European banks, whose main problem is exposure to sovereign debt."

United States, Barack Obama will submit to Congress today plan to revive the economy and jobs announced Thursday, said on Sunday a senior White House. The President will renew his call "to Congress to adopt this bill, which contains the kind of proposals to grow the economy and create jobs."

Week is low in business results – the retailer Best Buy and diverse manufacturing Pall is the only component of the S & P 500 to publish figures – investors will focus primarily on a series of macroeconomic indicators.The latter include retail sales, the producer prices and consumption as well as statistics on the manufacturing sector.

Note, however, leading indicators of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) published this morning, reporting a "slowdown" of the world's major economies.

The euro and oil fall

In the wake of renewed tensions, the euro fell against the dollar, the euro remained sharply lower against the greenback Monday, falling below $ 1.35 even briefly, as a result of a new access market panic response to the crisis in Europe. Mid-session in Paris, the single European currency was worth 1.3603 dollars against 1.3649 dollars on Friday night. Earlier, the euro fell to 1.3495 dollars, its lowest level since Feb payday advance online. 16. The euro also fell to its lowest level in a decade against the yen.The euro bought 104.64 yen against 105.91 yen Friday. In the early morning, the euro fell to 103.90 yen, its lowest level since June 2001.

Under pressure from a stronger dollar, a barrel of oil has also dropped on the ground. In electronic trading in the morning, a barrel of "light sweet crude" for October delivery lost 1.23 dollars to 86.01 dollars per barrel of Brent North Sea crude for October delivery at $ 1.02 111 $ 75.

Values ​​to follow

The side of values, the French group Technip Engineering said Monday the acquisition of the entire capital of the U.S. Global Industries (51.36% to 7.80 dollars), a specialist oil services submarines, on the basis of a valuation of $ 1.07 billion (770 million).Technip will pay $ 8 cash per share, Global Industries, a premium of 55% over the closing price of its prey Friday night on Wall Street.

For its part, the online retailer Amazon (0.88% to 213.26 dollars) would be in discussions with publishers to launch a book rental service digital subscription, said Sunday the Wall Street Journal in its edition line.

After the unexpected departure of the patron saint of Internet giant Yahoo!, Carol Bartz, rumors of a union between Yahoo! (-2.21% To 14.16 million) and AOL (-2.72% to 14.32 dollars) have resurfaced. The CEO of the Internet service provider America, Tim Armstrong, have consulted with investment companies to test investor appetite for a reconciliation between the two groups advance Bloomberg.Tim Armstrong become the leader of the group.

For his part, Hertz Global (-2.54% to 9.58 dollars) has extended the date of its offer for Dollar Thrifty (-1.22% to 64.08 euros) Automotive Group (DTG) until November 1 .

Wynn Resorts (3.04% to 153.25 dollars) through its subsidiary, Wynn Macau has announced the acquisition of land over 20 hectares to the government of Macau for approximately $ 193 million. The plot, located on the Cotai area, should allow the development of a resort and recreation.

Saturday, the first game of the France team for the seventh Rugby World Cup, could look like a formality. While Japan, which will meet that day the XV of France in North Harbour in New Zealand, has never exceeded the group stage, despite participation in all editions since the inception of the cup in 1987. With a stern face cashed 145-17 New Zealand All Blacks in 1995, he holds the sad record of even one of the toughest defeats in the World Cup. Japanese rugby relegated to the background of world rugby would, however simplistic. "The opposition is not the best, but it's a team that is progressing," said Pierre Rabadan, third line of the French stage.

A league of companies

Advanced beyond the sports of "cherry blossom", the nickname of the national team, the country of the Rising Sun has mainly a very special championship, which does not leave indifferent rugby players from Europe, sort of Nations (New Zealand, Australia, South Africa), and the Pacific Islands (Samoa, Fiji, Tonga). Third national sport, and this for over 100 years in the archipelago, the discipline has developed to organized a national championship, the Top League. With a special feature: the clubs come from the companies.

"These clubs are like works councils in Europe, shows Miguel Fernandez, agent of several French players. The rugby players are employees of the multinational corporations, which finance between 85 and 90% of the teams. " Hence the original names of clubs such as Coca-Cola West Red Sparks, Toshiba Brave Lupus and Yamaha Jubilo.Toyota even has two teams playing in the Top League (14 teams), the elite rugby in Japan.

Consequently, this "championship companies" gives more flexibility for clubs to recruit players from outside, when the National Rugby League wage bill caps the French clubs to 8.7 million. For the time being, no French player in the league evolves Japanese, but many of the major European leagues rugby and South Pacific have been tempted. Most recently, the former third line of the French stage, James Haskell, free from any contract with the club from the capital, announced that it would conduct a season with the Ricoh Black Rams Japanese before starting a new lease in 2012 with Wasps English payday lenders. In his previous contract in Paris, the player's annual salary was estimated at 300,000 euros.Likely that his Japanese club for a season or at least aligned with that level or beyond.

Players of the hemisphere are the most numerous

For a star player in the Top 14 French, whose gross annual salary up to 400,000 euros, the Japanese archipelago can also represent an attractive option at retirement. Around the world rugby, the phenomenon is growing: in 2008, two members of the hinge legendary Australian wallabies, Stephen Larkham and George Gregan signed in Japan. The first, to 34, with the Ricoh Black Rams, and the second 35 years with Suntory Goliath.

The choice of the country of the Rising Sun did not, however, only by default. "On average, Japanese wages are 20 to 30% higher than those in Europe, explains Miguel Fernandez, where the French Top 14 offers a gross average monthly gross earnings between 10,000 and 12,000 euros."Examples of multiply exile for five or six years. Twice in the middle of his career, Troy Flavell of New Zealand, currently operating Bayonne, selected the Top League (Toyota Club between 2004 and 2006 and Mitsubishi Dynaboars between 2008 and 2010).

Even the coaches are getting into, as the country "looking for experienced technicians to increase his level of play," said Miguel Fernandez. Jean-Pierre Elissalde, a former French scrum-half, led for a year the selection of Japan. For his part, Christian Gajan, current director of the Bayonne rugby took over in the mid 2000's Coca Cola West Red Sparks. Finally, and since 2006, the current XV of Japan is under the leadership of the All-Blacks legend John Kirwan.

Still, the financial firepower of a club is sometimes not enough to convince European players into exile at the end of the world.Therefore, the countries most represented in the Top League are those of the southern hemisphere, for reasons obvious geographical proximity. In the national party in New Zealand, they are even a dozen players from New Zealand, Samoa, Fiji or Tonga to defend the Japanese colors.

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Pierre Mongin, the president of the RATP, did not hide his irritation on Thursday at the presentation of annual results. Questions were asked about the use of oars of his company as part of a police operation to remove an encampment or the sex scandal involving employees of the RATP on good company performance public in the first half.

"Our results are very good," he stressed. The turnover of the RATP rose 10% over last year to 2.5 billion euros and net profit doubled to 231 million euros. This increase is partly due to two major operations: the more capital gains in the creation of Transdev and Veolia-overhaul of Systra, whose positive impact on earnings is 45 million.Excluding special items, net income amounted to 156 million euros.

"Triple A" for the RATP

The company president judge, however, the fragile economic environment: "We are cautious about approaching the end of the year. As the correlation between traffic and employment in Ile-de-France is clear. And we found a decline in June, "The public company, whose investments this year should reach 1.5 billion euros, reviewed the financial crisis of the summer with special attention fast cash without a hassle. "We have an ongoing need to market to borrow, because of the enormous weight of our investments," says Pierre Mongin, which welcomed the "Triple A" renewed his company by rating agencies for its access to credit.During the first half, the RATP has invested 545 million euros, 216 million in renewal and renovation of rolling stock.

The group's cash flow continues to improve, with an increase of 27% to 431 million euros. This indicator is important because, as pointed out by Pierre Mongin, the group is the only public transport operator to carry a structural debt of over 5 billion euros, unlike its competitors Kéolis (SNCF) and Transdev Veolia: "We are the only ones to be managers of infrastructure and transport operators. "

To expand its business, the RATP is competing in a dozen bids in province and ran for the international projects tramway in Casablanca, Algiers and Washington."We will also put into service in late October early November the Algiers metro," says the president of the RATP, 56% of revenue is now generated outside France.

• oil wells in a state "in the coming days"

Oil may be back soon in Libya. The country should rehabilitate wells "in the coming days," announced the new oil minister, Ali Tarhouni, at a press conference in Tripoli. "The situation will not return immediately to normal, but almost," he added.

In Geneva, the World Food Programme (WFP) has launched a tender to supply 250,000 tons of gasoline provisional Libyan authorities to deal with the most urgent needs of the population after six months of civil war .

• Libya buys French wheat with frozen assets

The interim government in power in Libya has signed two contracts for the purchase of French wheat with assets released this month by France, according to sources close to the negotiations.The French Ministry of Foreign Affairs French announced in early August its intention to release $ 259 million to make available to the National Transition Council to rebuild the country after six months of civil war.

Each contract weighs at least 22 million to about 60,000 tonnes of wheat, a senior leader of the French grain trader Bellows, who signed one of the two contracts.

• A four-day ultimatum issued to supporters of Gaddafi

The rebel leader Libyan Tuesday sent an ultimatum expires Saturday supporters of Muammar Gaddafi in the last strongholds of the regime that they surrender, otherwise they would face military operations.

The head of the National Transitional Council (CNT), Abdeljalil Moustapha said that negotiations were underway with officials of those cities to try to secure their surrender without a fight. "This window of opportunity will expire at the end of the Eid al-Fitr. From Saturday, if a peaceful outcome is still not to the field, we can make a difference militarily, "said Abdeljalil. The launch of the final battle in Libya is "imminent", said the military spokesman of the rebellion Bani Omar Ahmed Benghazi in the east.

• Quiet on the front of Sirte, NATO continues its mission

The situation was calm on Tuesday morning on the front east of Sirte, Gaddafi's stronghold in central Libya. The rebels have increased by about ten kilometers and are line was about 40 km west of Ben Jawad beyond the hamlet of UMR Gandil.

Sirte Sunday has been caught between rebel forces, backed by NATO air strikes. The Atlantic alliance has reiterated its support Tuesday morning the insurgents, saying that his mission would continue "as long as the threat persists."

New tough session in Paris. Shortly after the beginning of the speech of Ben Bernanke, the Cac 40 was unscrewed from 3045 to 3015 points in minutes. On Wall Street, the indices are also grim: the Dow Jones was down 1.3%

Earlier, the index feature of the Paris market was disappointing not welcome the publication of the second estimate of U.S. GDP in the second quarter.

Second-quarter U.S. gross domestic product grew by 1% annual rate over the previous three months, said the Commerce Department, revising and down 0.3 points his first growth estimate published in late spring July.Analysts had forecast a less pronounced rate revision, to 1.1%, according to their median forecast.

Indices am the London Stock Exchange, the FTSE-100 lost 1.37% to 5064.08 points while the Dax-30 from the Frankfurt Stock Exchange, after opening steady, hollow losses (-2.96%) to 5419.09 points.

Fed pushes to place an ad in September

Highly anticipated speech of the President of the U.S. central bank, Ben Bernanke does not reassure investors. In fact, Ben Bernanke has pushed the September announcement of concrete measures to support the U.S. economy. The central bank is expected to meet more fully next month, he indicated, to "discuss more fully" in the policy.

Ben Bernanke also called on U.S. lawmakers to take fiscal stimulus, saying they have more flexibility than the institution.

In this uncertain environment expected on ads across the Atlantic, the euro resumed slightly against the dollar Friday in a market without much volume. To 11 hours in Paris, the European currency was worth 1.4440 dollars against 1.4378 dollars on Thursday night.

In the euro area, the few new major macroeconomic n.This morning, the companies manufacturing have revised their forecasts down slightly investment for this year and expect a 14% increase (against 15% previously).

The bank's head Cac 40, Peugeot sinks

Essilor International: -0.26% to 52.99 euros

Essilor International in the first semester a turnover of 2.06 billion euros, up 6.9%, the band announced via a press release issued in the edition of Les Echos to appear Friday.

Financials

The ban on short selling financial stocks on Thursday was extended to France, like Italy, Spain and Belgium, and the Financial Markets Authority (AMF) said it would review its position by late September.

This decision only briefly managed to reassure investors.If this decision technique to limit selling pressure on the sector, it does not address the fears that persist on European banks and their exposure to countries in need. After posting the largest gains of the Paris stock in early trading, financial stocks are once again very attacked: Societe Generale lost 2.5% to 21.4 euros, BNP Paribas was down 2.8% at 33, 4 euros, Credit Agricole down 6.4% to 2.04 euros while Natixis closed the show the worst performance (-3.31% to 2.72 euros).

In an interview with Le Figaro, the executive director of Credit Agricole said the group has "significant cash reserves" and "not difficult to obtain financing."

Conversely, other cyclical stocks, car manufacturers, will gradually take after opening the largest declines in the Paris stock exchange.Peugeot, which bought between 12 and 22 August last, about 2% of its capital amounting to 92,010,000 euros, retreated 2.03% to 19.01 euros. Renault leaves him 0.94% to 25.95 euros.

Total: -1.62% to 32.21 euros

Total expected to present a reorganization in the fall of scale of its operations downstream, with a planned merger of its refining and petrochemicals, according to Les Echos, citing union sources.

As for oil, prices were mixed Friday morning during electronic trading in Asia, in a sluggish market, before the highly anticipated speech of the head of the U.S. central bank (Fed).In morning trading, a barrel of "light sweet crude" for delivery in October gave 10 cents to 85.20 dollars per barrel of Brent North Sea crude for October delivery took 19 cents to 110.81 dollars.

Note that APRR and Bel Cheese (1.24%, to 163 euros) will publish their interim results after market close.

Despite the efforts of the Swiss National Bank (SNB), the Swiss franc continues at a rate of 1.13 per euro. With a 13% increase since January, surging currency weighs on business competitiveness. In June, exports fell 8.2% and growth forecasts were revised downwards: the State Secretariat for Economic Affairs (Seco) now expects GDP growth of 2.1% in 2011 and 1.5% in 2012.

These figures are higher than those of neighboring countries of Switzerland. But the SNB, under pressure, has nevertheless agreed to increase the liquidity of the franc in order to limit the damage. Criticized by the press for its inaction, the Minister of Economy, Johann Schneider-Ammann, announced last Thursday that it would inject 2 billion francs in the economy, particularly in the tourism sector particularly hard hit.It will also strengthen the law on cartels and improve competition in the Swiss market.

These measures also aim to improve the climate for consumption, which suffers from the strength of the franc. According to Seco, consumer confidence has lost 27 points since January. Estimated Customs Geneva unveiled yesterday by the Radio Suisse Romande, the Swiss are 20% more than in 2010 to fill their carts in France. To build customer loyalty, thus increasing the Swiss supermarket promotions: "Up to 20% discount on 500 articles!" Announces the Migros. The group's logo is orange to lower prices of products manufactured abroad, like Ferrero chocolates or freeze Studio Line (L'Oreal). With its direct competitor, the Coop, the watchword is the same.

Some suppliers lower their prices

These marketing efforts are no coincidence.The decline of the euro has put a spotlight on the high cost of living in Geneva or Zurich. At the time of checkout, consumers are not fooled. They are willing to pay more for fruit and vegetable quality local, but blame the distributors not to reflect the decline of the euro on imported goods no fax payday loan. "Of course, we have higher wages than the French, says Ursula, a young grandmother who is shopping the shelves of Migros. But they exaggerate! While I often do my shopping in Evian, where everything is half price. "

Labelling Helvetian, prices are high. Per kilo, the Spanish ham is 43 euros and tomatoes (medium quality) to 3.30 euros per kilo, which is double the rates charged in the Hexagon. In bookstores, a recent book sells for the equivalent of 35 euros, against 21 euros in France.

"Foreign manufacturers have a simplistic argument.They say that the Swiss have money, so they can push up prices, says Mathieu Fleury, Secretary General of the Federation Romande consumers. In addition, the market is dominated by Helvetian a duopoly that has stifled competition by preventing settling including Carrefour. Result: The Confederation is an island of high prices. "For him, no way to align prices with those Swiss French, as the land of William Tell, payroll taxes are more important. But "the difference must be made on objective criteria."

As a cons-attack, retailers have returned the ball to their brokers, importers. The Coop was the most virulent: August 14, it removed 95 items from its shelves in that the marks concerned did not want to stress price."The boycott has already borne fruit: several international suppliers has granted reductions that allow us, from this weekend to launch the new price cuts on 700 items," says Urs Meier, spokesman for the Coop. This firm has finally convinced the brand Uncle Ben's, the rice was boycotted, to lower its prices by 10%.

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While European stock markets, starting with Paris, still closed on Friday decreases, Baroin called to remain calm. The Minister of Economy, which had cut short his vacation to "take stock with his teams," according to the Elysée, stressed the need to "keep a cool head and not make a tracing paper of the excitement that can be observed on a given market. "

Invited to France Info, just after the close of the Paris Bourse, which for the first time ever signed a tenth meeting of consecutive decline, including the minister explained that "the questions posed from a double question mark: the character of the strong global economic growth and the important issue in Europe and worldwide of this problem of public debt. "

On this last point, Baroin said that "the determination of the 17 heads of state of the euro area should not doubt the investors." And remember, in reference to the plan of aid to Greece reached July 21, that "in Europe, there was an agreement by the Heads of State very important because it offered answers. These responses must be heard by the markets. "

Latency

The Minister of Economy, however, admitted that there was "a latency reduction" between the announcement of the plan, which is "a good plan," and its practical implementation. It must indeed be ratified by national parliaments. In this regard, Baroin was keen to dispel doubts about the possibility of rejection by the German parliamentarians. "The plan will be voted on July 21. There is no other way to protect our currency which is the common good of the countries in the region, "said he.But "time is not the Democratic one click of a market operator," he said.

In order to "restore investor confidence," Baroin also ensures that "we must strengthen the governance of the euro area to make it optimal."

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The 2012 presidential election will be decided in part on the field of taxation. In an interview in Le Monde, the Paris mayor proposes, as an individual and "beyond tax reform" in the program of the Socialist Party, to do more to contribute to debt reduction the richest of France. Bertrand Delanoe, who also claims to support the candidacy of Martine Aubry, decides to create a tax "exceptional and limited in time" on high incomes.

"The truth is that we need new resources to reduce debt of France and restore the public, he says in the daily newspaper. [...] So yes, I support what you ask most favored an effort "extra.In a context where the countries situated on the outskirts of the euro area are struggling to convince markets of the sustainability of their debt, the mayor of Paris has combined the fight against the deficit to a real "war": "And when you are war, they say the truth, "he said.

Fusion of the income tax and the CSG

Asked about the unpopularity of this measure, the elected official responded that "citizens may be more courageous leaders" and recalled that in 2008, when he announced to the Parisian tax increases before the election, "They put their trust in me well no fax cash loans." The government in turn made a recent tax reform, repealing the tax shield and at the same time reducing the wealth tax.

If the program of the Socialist Party is not considering special tax aimed at the richest, yet it provides to increase the progressivity of the income tax, now he considers unfair. His plan for 2012 provides for merging the income tax and the CSG, with the aim to simplify taxes and make it more redistributive. An idea which is also his way to the right, particularly in Jean-Francois Cope and Henry Gaino. The pen of the Elysée found Saturday morning in Libération that the proposal "is worth pondering. A condition to be very attentive to the issue of escalation, "he said.

Nearly three years after the financial crisis, the first sanctions against the banks fall. And the bill would be particularly salty for Bank of America. Concordant sources, the U.S. bank would have agreed to pay $ 8.5 billion to end the prosecution of several investors. This would involve the agreement of compensation the largest ever signed by a bank in the United States.

Admittedly, the stakes are also unpublished. The Wall Street as investors Journalrapporte particularly experienced such a number of asset management, BlackRock, the insurer MetLife or the Federal Reserve (Fed) of New York complain about the conditions of sale of so-called "subprime," these products complex financial risk that formed the heart of the Great Depression of 2008.Symbol of a finance gone mad, these "subprime" were associated with variable rate mortgages granted to families with poor credit. Their value plummeted after the collapse of the U.S. housing bubble, which caused a series of foreclosures and debt of thousands of homes.

These individuals will not receive the compensation that Bank of America has agreed to pay. Indeed, they are used only for investors who are customers of Countrywide Financial, now a subsidiary of Bank of America in January 2008. The specialist mortgage lending in the United States had sold to investors of financial products like subprime for an initial value of $ 105 billion accompanied by guarantees on the composition of their portfolios.But soon after, with the bursting of the housing bubble in the U.S., these investments have proved extremely risky, losing most of their value. Investors who bought these financial products from Countrywide Financial believe to have been cheated, since the original contractual terms have not been met.

The case could set a precedent

Bank of America for months trying to resolve this embarrassing litigation, inherited directly from the acquisition of Countrywide Financial. But until now the CEO of Bank of America, serving for a year and a half, has refused to pay for past investments, arguing that investors had acted knowingly.By agreeing now to pay the full price, so it gives a signal again, and strong.

This case may give ideas to other investors who lost big in the collapse of the "subprime". Thus, other banks like Wells Fargo or JPMorgan could also be directly affected by requests for compensation.

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