SeaFrance employs 880 permanent employees and 200 CDD, according seasons. The plan proposed by the LDA-tandem DFDS provided for the protection of 460 FTE jobs, maintaining SeaFrance under the French flag, the recovery of three ships 5 million and an investment of 50 million for repairs to boats.

Shortly before 4 am, France, Germany and the euro zone countries are agreed after intense negotiations with creditor banks on a 50% discount on debt securities Greek removing the last obstacle to a comprehensive plan of response to the debt crisis. The contribution of the private sector, coupled with an effort of the States of the euro area of ​​130 billion euros, will bring the Greek debt of over 160% of GDP today to 120% in 2020, said Nicolas Sarkozy.The French president also said that the means of relief funds in the euro area (EFSF) would be "multiplied" in order to reach "1.4 trillion dollars," or "1000 billion euros." For Nicolas Sarkozy, "the summit has to adopt elements of a comprehensive response, an ambitious response, a credible response to the crisis in the euro area". Even if the plan is still very fragile if the economy of Greece does not improve, he said.

The surge in the yen threatens Japan

For its part, the IMF Executive Director Christine Lagarde welcomed the "substantial progress" made at the EU summit in Brussels, welcomed the leaders of the euro area have set up "a program that will respond to the crisis in the region ".Greek Prime Minister George Papandreou, for its part considered that a "new era" began in Greece, speaking of a "new beginning" with this debt reduction Greek.

On the macroeconomic front, the Central Bank of Japan announced Thursday a further easing of monetary policy to fight against soaring yen that threatens the recovery of the Japanese economy.The institute has decided to increase 5 trillion yen (47 billion) purchases of treasury bills, increasing to 55,000 billion yen (519 billion) the maximum amount it spends on purchases of government bonds, corporate bonds and other financial securities, and loans at preferential rates.

The euro has strengthened

In addition, retail sales continued to decline in Japan in September, from 1.2% yoy, due to the fall in purchases of TVs after an exceptional run in early summer, announced the Ministry of Economy Thursday. However, car sales have stopped their dive.Consumers remain cautious overall spending due to fears generated by the earthquake and tsunami in the northeast of the archipelago on March 11 and the Fukushima nuclear accident they caused.

Side values, the action of the group of cameras Olympus flew more than 20% Thursday at the Tokyo Stock Exchange, following the resignation of its CEO Tsuyoshi Kikukawa, accused by his British predecessor Michael Woodford to have overcharged acquisitions between 2006 and 2008.

The euro has strengthened, buoyed by hopes of resolving the crisis in Europe. It was worth 106.26 yen and 1.3975 dollars in Tokyo Thursday morning, 1.3908 against the dollar and 105.98 yen in New Yok the night before.

Finally, oil was up, after the sharp fall the previous day in New York.In electronic trading in the morning, a barrel of "light sweet crude" gained 1.11 dollar to 91.31 dollars a barrel while Brent North Sea crude for December delivery took 70 cents to 109.61 dollars.

Nathalie Kosciusko-Morizet (Minister of Ecology), Philippe Marini (UMP President of the Senate Finance Committee), Thierry Mariani (Minister of Transport), Bruno Le Maire (Agriculture Minister), Maurice Leroy (Minister of the City) and Gerard Longuet (Defence Minister) commented on yesterday's warning from Moody's to France pay day loan lenders.

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According to experts gathered at the end of last week on the occasion of international meetings of PPP, 104 such contracts have been signed. The European Investment Bank has calculated that it accounted for 9 to 10 billion euros, or 6 or 7% of public procurement in the Hexagon. "We are the first European country in terms of PPP, said François Bergère, Head of MAPP (Mission Support PPP). In the first half, 60% of registered contracts on the Old Continent were signed in France. "

Click on the thumbnail to enlarge the graphic.

Why the rise? Because this arrangement allows the state and local governments increasingly impecunious to build infrastructure by private funds. Specifically, the construction company built largely at the expense of the equipment. In return, she receives a very long time (decades) the rent paid by the public to maintain the structure.Today, we build on this model just about anything you can imagine: prisons, stadiums, swimming pools as well as police stations, TGV lines … and the formula adjusts as well to huge contracts ( more than 7 billion for high-speed rail line Tours-Bordeaux) than smaller deals (ten million for public lighting of a city average).

In the euphoria of the beginning, we mostly retained the advantages of this approach: greater compliance costs and delays faxless cash advance. "In the PPP, 71% of projects are delivered on time and 80% are made in the envelope provided or an additional cost of less than 3%," says Christian Rasoamanana, consultant for the consulting firm PWC has just loop a study on the subject."This allows us to carry out four projects simultaneously (the TGV line between Tours and Bordeaux, that between Le Mans and Rennes, Nîmes-Montpellier bypass GSM and rail), said Jean-Marc Delion, Managing Director of RFF. Without PPP, we would have done that. "

The failure of the hospital south-Ile

But today, this model also raises critical. Thus, the hospital built in south-Ile PPP Eiffage is a failure. The planned opening in May 2011 will take place as early as January 2012. "I believe that there was injury to the State, noted Sunday on Canal +, Xavier Bertrand, Minister of Health. Do we remain in the same terms of the contract? We'll see. "Regarding the TGV lines, some argue that the partnership is too favorable to the public."On Tours-Bordeaux, the dealership made up of Vinci and its partners brought the third of the investment but receive 100% of the revenue generated by the passage of trains," protested Marc Fressoz, author of FGV, failure at high speed.

Others point out that the formula has its limitations. "The PPP will not return TGV lines as Bordeaux-Toulouse without sufficient traffic," said Hervé Mariton, UMP deputy, member of the Finance Committee.

Aware of the pitfalls, Paris, who chairs the G20 seeks to avoid the reasons for tension. First objective: to show that Europe is determined to solve the crisis of its debt, which raises concerns around the world.To do this, nothing better than to show the strength of the Franco-German couple at a luncheon on Friday at the Elysee, bringing together around the president, the French finance minister and Baroin his German counterpart Wolfgang Schäuble.

"We have made good progress on the path to find how to package a comprehensive and lasting agreement," said the French way out. For Baroin, progress has been made "on the joint bank recapitalization," he may say no more.According to European sources cited by Bloomberg, the euro area is working on the assumption of a default of 50% of Greek debt and would have identified seven options to boost the European Financial Stability Fund (EFSF), from the processing bank the simple assurance of securities issued by the countries most vulnerable.

Individual Solutions

Paradoxically, this sacred union between France and Germany is no longer visible in the markets guaranteed high risk personal loans. Yesterday, the spread between ten-year French and German was 93 basis points, to the detriment of the former. Never since the creation of the euro area, France has borrowed as much from Germany even though the absolute rates at ten years French remain historically low.In the eyes of financial markets, it shows the weakness of leeway in Paris, to boost the EFSF or possibly refinance its banks.

The other cause of tension that the French Presidency is to avoid global order. At their working dinner last night, finance ministers from the G20 should discuss ways "to ensure global growth strong, sustainable and balanced", as agreed for three years. But unlike previous summits, where everyone was asked to revive its economy, the solutions will be this time individual. "At Cannes, each country will come with two or three steps to support its economy depend on the fiscal space of each other," says Bercy. What display a facade of unity.

However, the Twenty will not avoid the reasons for tension.The heaviest between China to the United States, since the passage by Congress in Washington, a bill denouncing the undervaluation of the yuan. The newest arrived yesterday: the emerging propose strengthening of $ 350 billion financial capacity of the IMF for help, among other things, to finance Europe. A proposal that has received a plea of ​​receiving U.S. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner, for whom the IMF has "largely sufficient resources to deal with the crisis."

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In parallel, Evangelos Venizelos, the Greek finance minister, yesterday met with Jean-Claude Trichet, head of the ECB, to negotiate a restructuring of the Greek debt at a discount of between 40% and 50%.The minister said that "there is no alternative to restructuring." The latter has also expressed confidence the outcome of the vote in parliament of the new austerity plan, condition of the granting of new loans of the troika, because according to him "which member will take responsibility to lead Greece to failure to pay? ". A view shared by the French Minister for European Affairs, Jean Leonetti, who said Sunday that "Greece will avoid bankruptcy because it is the interest of the Greek state, the Greek people and is the interest of us all.If Greece were to fail tomorrow, it would cost more than if it did not go bankrupt, "he said on Radio France International.

The rising social discontent in Greece

The Heads of State and Government in July found an agreement to rescue Greece and broaden the scope of intervention of the relief fund of the zone (EFSF), including providing it with an instrument enabling it to market purchases of debt of states in difficulty. This agreement is being ratified by 17 national parliaments in the area. The vote of Germany, the country is the biggest contributor to EU aid plans appear on track.In a television interview Sunday night, German Chancellor Angela Merkel has indeed shown the outcome of the confidence vote scheduled Thursday in the Bundestag.

But Greece will probably have to wait beyond the holding of a Eurogroup meeting on Oct. 3 before a decision on the release of the next tranche of aid. "Given the delay by the Troika mission (IMF, ECB and European Commission), I do not think that the next meeting of the Eurogroup, October 3, a decision on the sixth installment," said Sunday Washington Deputy German Finance Minister, Jörg Asmussen

In addition, the rising social discontent in Greece.Further strikes are planned next week before a general strike on October 19.

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"The G20 mobilized to reassure the financial world

"Europeans are ready to strengthen the Stability Fund

In an attempt to stop the stock market crash, the finance ministers and central bankers of the twenty leading economies gathered in Washington last Thursday pledged to provide "a strong and coordinated international response" to the crisis at a meeting in Washington. In a joint statement, they agreed to ensure that "banks have adequate capital" and promised to provide "the necessary liquidity" to financial institutions.But for specialists Aurel BGC, "the real decisions are referred to the Summit of Heads of State and Government to be held in Cannes, 3 and 4 November."

The Perfect Storm, the large emerging group of "Bric" were "determined to accelerate structural reforms to sustain strong growth." Brazil, Russia, India and China but also South Africa so consider "if necessary, to provide support through the IMF or other international financial institutions, to address the current challenges facing the global financial stability, according to the circumstances of each country. "The inventor of the BRIC, Jim O'Neill, chairman of Goldman Sachs Asset Management, said however that emerging markets are likely to require at least, in exchange for their support, greater clarity on how the Europe has to solve its crisis.

Gloomy outlook for world trade

In response to a request by the G20 in September addressed to Nicolas Sarkozy, the countries of the euro area have also promised to implement "necessary measures to increase the flexibility of the European Financial Stability Fund (EFSF)" to avoid contagion from the crisis in Greece. Yesterday, the possibility of a defect in Athens, though long ruled by EU leaders, was raised by Klaas Knot, Member of the Board of Governors of the European Central Bank (ECB)."This is one of the scenarios," he told the Dutch newspaper Het Financieele Dagblad.

The specter of a global recession has suddenly resurfaced after the ads pessimistic U.S. Federal Reserve (Fed), which held that the U.S. economic recovery was "slow" and threatened by "high risk". Wednesday she has decided to sell by the end of June 2012 for $ 400 billion of treasury bills and to purchase for the same amount with a longer maturity.But the fact that it favors measures to monetary easing, a depressed market on Thursday, who sees as a sign of impotence.

New signs of abating, the World Trade Organization (WTO) revised downwards its forecast for this Friday trade growth for 2011, expecting growth of world trade by 5.8% against 6.5% forecast so far, according to its website.

On the foreign exchange market, the euro climbed slightly against the U.S. dollar: it rose on Friday by 0.57% to 1.3533 dollar. Oil prices also went up.A barrel of "light sweet crude" for delivery in November, which had tumbled more than $ 5 the day before returning 1% by mid-morning at 81.31 dollars.

The side of values, after the close of the NYSE YorkHewlett-Packard announced the replacement of Leo Apotheker as CEO from Meg Whitman, confirming the many rumors that had circulated in recent days.

At Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) is Rick Bergman Devices, responsible for products, who announced his resignation. The CEO will temporarily Rory Read office.

Covidien raised its quarterly dividend 12.5% ​​to 0.225 dollar per share.And, for its part McDonald's has increased its 15% to $ 0.7 per share.

In order to treat its shareholders well, Raytheon has authorized a stock repurchase plan of $ 2 billion.

The American manufacturer of sporting Nike has exceeded market expectations by posting yesterday after the close of U.S. markets net income for the first quarter of fiscal year up 15% to $ 645 million, driven by its Sales in North America and in emerging countries. Revenues rose 11% to $ 6.1 billion.Orders scheduled for delivery between September 2011 and January 2012 were up 16% to $ 8.5 billion.

On the occasion of a major overhaul of its website, Facebooks'est services associated with music, news and video, including Spotify, Deezer and Dailymotion, and challenge from Apple in the content.

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Oil may be back soon in Libya. The country should rehabilitate wells "in the coming days," announced the new oil minister, Ali Tarhouni, at a press conference in Tripoli. "The situation will not return immediately to normal, but almost," he added.

In Geneva, the World Food Programme (WFP) has launched a tender to supply 250,000 tons of gasoline provisional Libyan authorities to deal with the most urgent needs of the population after six months of civil war .

• Libya buys French wheat with frozen assets

The interim government in power in Libya has signed two contracts for the purchase of French wheat with assets released this month by France, according to sources close to the negotiations.The French Ministry of Foreign Affairs French announced in early August its intention to release $ 259 million to make available to the National Transition Council to rebuild the country after six months of civil war.

Each contract weighs at least 22 million to about 60,000 tonnes of wheat, a senior leader of the French grain trader Bellows, who signed one of the two contracts.

• A four-day ultimatum issued to supporters of Gaddafi

The rebel leader Libyan Tuesday sent an ultimatum expires Saturday supporters of Muammar Gaddafi in the last strongholds of the regime that they surrender, otherwise they would face military operations.

The head of the National Transitional Council (CNT), Abdeljalil Moustapha said that negotiations were underway with officials of those cities to try to secure their surrender without a fight. "This window of opportunity will expire at the end of the Eid al-Fitr. From Saturday, if a peaceful outcome is still not to the field, we can make a difference militarily, "said Abdeljalil. The launch of the final battle in Libya is "imminent", said the military spokesman of the rebellion Bani Omar Ahmed Benghazi in the east.

• Quiet on the front of Sirte, NATO continues its mission

The situation was calm on Tuesday morning on the front east of Sirte, Gaddafi's stronghold in central Libya. The rebels have increased by about ten kilometers and are line was about 40 km west of Ben Jawad beyond the hamlet of UMR Gandil.

Sirte Sunday has been caught between rebel forces, backed by NATO air strikes. The Atlantic alliance has reiterated its support Tuesday morning the insurgents, saying that his mission would continue "as long as the threat persists."

The operation allows the specialist to Internet telephony to build a niche in the amount of online communication: messages grouped. With services such as GroupM, users can create discussion groups on their mobile phone and communicate with others, forming "chatrooms" private SMS.In recent months, major Internet players have been enamored of such services, which range from communication, and coordination, like Facebook, which bought the Beluga service in March 2011, eight months after its creation. In addition, the social network launched mid-August, Facebook Messenger, a mobile instant messaging application.

For its part, Google has made this communication bundle a cornerstone of its community platform + Google launched in late June, with the "hangouts" spaces bundled instant messaging and video. Finally, as recently shown by the London riots, the BlackBerry is an actor to be reckoned with in this area, through its private courier BBM (BlackBerry Messenger). Now owns GroupM, Skype will better stand up to these types of communications.

175 million monthly users of Skype

"Skype and GroupM have a common vision.GroupM's team has created a messaging experience incredibly attractive bundle that runs across the terminals and mobile platforms, making it a perfect complement in voice, video and text of the Skype family, "said Tony Bates, general manager of Skype, in a statement.

For Jared Hecht, co-founder Steve Martocci GroupM, "there is a natural affinity between Skype and GroupM.""Our goal is to continue to develop tools that allow people to easily communicate, share and keep in touch with their close relations and important," he said, arguing that integration with Skype would allow the start-up achieve its vision of "ten times faster."

The start-up is already looking forward to see the service offered to 175 million monthly users of Skype.

The acquisition of Skype by GroupM, which is the subject of discussion for several months, could also be beneficial to Microsoft. It announced the acquisition of Skype for $ 8.5 billion in May.While sentencing the operating system (OS) Windows Mobile Phone 7, the software giant could find with GroupM a valuable feature to include in its bid for smartphones.

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Concerns about debt deemed excessive in the euro area and especially the deterioration of the U.S. debt rating by the rating agency Standard & Poor's have indeed been falling sharply since oil prices last week. Wednesday, a barrel of Brent North Sea still traded at around $ 105 a barrel."Oil has fallen by about $ 10 a barrel for about eight days, conceded earlier this week Jean-Louis Schilansky, president of the French Union of Petroleum Industries (Ufip). Under these conditions, unless crude goes up, there are four to five cents a liter, which is expected to decline "

The magnitude and the time needed to complete the impact of this decline, however, are subject to different interpretations. While Ufip evokes a fall in prices "gradually over the next ten to twelve days," the general delegate of the Union of independent petroleum importers, which includes stations such as Carrefour, Auchan and Casino, for its expected "down from 10 to 15 cents" for these stations retail, "before the end of the week."

The price of a liter of diesel, the fuel most consumed medium currency is 1.335 euros per liter last week, according to the Ministry of Sustainable Development, 1.337 against the euro last week of July.